In this episode of The Lead, recorded live at HRX 2026, host Jason T. Jacobson, MD, FHRS, is joined by Michael S. Lloyd, MD, FHRS, and Igor R. Efimov, PhD, FHRS, to discuss the article “The Forgotten History of Semi-Implanted Radiofrequency and Inductively Powered Cardiac Pacing Systems,” published in Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology (PACE). The panel explores the evolution of early cardiac pacing technologies, the challenges associated with externally powered systems, and how historical innovations in wireless energy transfer may inform future developments in pacemaker design, miniaturization, and alternative power sources.
Describe the historical development of semi-implanted radiofrequency- and inductively powered cardiac pacing systems and their role in the evolution of pacemaker technology.
Compare the technical advantages and limitations of early externally powered pacing systems with fully implanted, battery-powered pacemakers.
Evaluate the potential applications of wireless energy transfer and alternative power sources in future cardiac pacing technologies.
Host: Jason T. Jacobson, MD, FHRS
Guests: Michael S. Lloyd, MD, FHRS and Igor R. Efimov, PhD, FHRS
Stock Options-Privately Held: Atlas 5D
M. Lloyd
Membership on Advisory Committee: Boston Scientific, ABIM
I. Efimov
Staff Disclosure(s) (note: HRS staff are NOT in control of educational content. Disclosures are provided solely for full transparency to the learner):