Description
William H. Sauer, MD, FHRS, CCDS, of Brigham and Women's Hospital is joined by guests Akshay Suvas Desai, MD, MPH of Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Sunil Kapur, MD of Brigham and Women`s Hospital to discuss how the Resynchronization–Defibrillation for Ambulatory Heart Failure Trial (RAFT) showed a greater benefit with respect to mortality at 5 years among patients who received cardiac-resynchronization therapy (CRT) than among those who received implantable cardioverter–defibrillators (ICDs). However, the effect of CRT on long-term survival is not known. We randomly assigned patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II or III heart failure, a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30% or less, and an intrinsic QRS duration of 120 msec or more (or a paced QRS duration of 200 msec or more) to receive either an ICD alone or a CRT defibrillator (CRT-D). We assessed long-term outcomes among patients at the eight highest-enrolling participating sites. The primary outcome was death from any cause; the secondary outcome was a composite of death from any cause, heart transplantation, or implantation of a ventricular assist device.
Learning Objectives
To review the recent publication entitled Long-Term Outcomes of Resynchronization–Defibrillation for Heart Failure.
Article Authors and Podcast Contributors
Article Authors
John L. Sapp, M.D., Soori Sivakumaran, M.D., Calum J. Redpath, M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D., Habib Khan, M.D., Ratika Parkash, M.D., Derek V. Exner, M.D., Jeff S. Healey, M.D., Bernard Thibault, M.D., Laurence D. Sterns, M.D., Nhat Hung N. Lam, B.Sc., Jaimie Manlucu, M.D., Ahmed Mokhtar, M.D., Glen Sumner, M.D., Stuart McKinlay, B.H.Sc., Shane Kimber, M.D., Blandine Mondesert, M.D., Mario Talajic, M.D., Jean Rouleau, M.D., C. Elizabeth McCarron, Ph.D., George Wells, Ph.D., and Anthony S. L. Tang, M.D., for the RAFT Long-Term Study Team
Podcast Contributors
William H. Sauer, MD, FHRS, CCDS, of Brigham and Women's Hospital
Akshay Suvas Desai, MD, MPH of Brigham and Women's Hospital
Sunil Kapur, MD of Brigham and Women`s Hospital
Disclosure Policy
ACE Disclosure Policy
The Heart Rhythm Society is committed to the provision of Accredited Continuing Education (formerly known as Continuing Medical Education (CME)) that is balanced, objective, and evidence based. HRS adheres to the Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) which require that those individuals in a position to control the content of an educational activity (including, but not limited to, planners, faculty, authors, committee members, content reviewers, editors, and staff) disclose all financial relationships with an ACCME-defined ineligible company* within the 24 months prior to the disclosure.
Any individual who refuses to disclose financial relationships is disqualified from participating in HRS ACE-certified activities. Owners and employees of ACCME-defined ineligible companies may have no role in the planning or implementation of ACE activities without a special written exemption from the HRS Chief Learning Officer that will be granted only in specific circumstances that meet ACCME requirements.
ACCME Definition:
*An ineligible company is one whose primary business is producing, marketing, selling, re-selling, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients.
Examples of such organizations include:
- Advertising, marketing, or communication firms whose clients are ineligible companies
- Bio-medical startups that have begun a governmental regulatory approval process
- Compounding pharmacies that manufacture proprietary compounds
- Device manufacturers or distributors
- Diagnostic labs that sell proprietary products
- Growers, distributors, manufacturers or sellers of medical foods and dietary supplements
- Manufacturers of health-related wearable products
- Pharmaceutical companies or distributors
- Pharmacy benefit managers
- Reagent manufacturers or sellers
All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated.Host Disclosure(s):
W. Sauer: Honoraria/Speaking/Consulting: Biotronik, Biosense Webster, Inc., Abbott, Boston Scientific; Research: Medtronic
Contributor Disclosure(s):
A. Suvas Desai: Honoraria/Speaking/Consulting: Abbott, Novartis, AstraZeneca, BioFourmis, Regeneron, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals, Cytokinetics, AxonTherapies, Avidity Biosciences, Medpace, Merck, New Amsterdam Pharma, Parexel, Roche Diagnostics, GlaxoSmithKline, NovoNordisk, Veristat, Verily/Google, Zydus, River2Renal, Research: Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals, Abbott Medical, AstraZeneca, Novartis
S. Kapur: Honoraria/Speaking/Consulting: Medtronic, Novartis, Abbott, Biotronik
Staff Disclosure(s) (note: HRS staff are NOT in control of educational content. Disclosures are provided solely for full transparency to the learner):
S. Sailor: No relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies to disclose.
S. Colbert: No relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies to disclose.
ACE Statements
Accreditation Statement
The Heart Rhythm Society is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
Physicians AMA Designation Statement
The Heart Rhythm Society designates this internet-enduring activity for a maximum of .25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
ABIM Maintenance of Certification (MOC) Statement
Successful completion of this ACE activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to .25 MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. Participants will earn MOC points equivalent to the amount of ACE credits claimed for the activity. It is the ACE activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABIM MOC credit.
Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada MOC Recognition Statement
Through an agreement between the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, medical practitioners participating in the Royal College MOC Program may record completion of accredited activities registered under the ACCME’s “ACE in Support of MOC” program in Section 3 of the Royal College’s MOC Program.
Other Credit Available
A Credit Certificate (for physicians) or Certificate of Participation (for non-physicians) will be provided to individuals seeking credit from the following organizations which accept AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Note that participants are advised to contact their certifying body for specific information regarding credit submissions:
· American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) (for elective credit)
· American Academy of Nurse Practitioners Certification Board (AANPCB)
· American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA)
· American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
· American Osteopathic Association (AOA) (for Category 2 credit)
· Committee on Accreditation of Continuing Medical Education (Canada)
· European Board for Accreditation in Cardiology (EBAC)
· European CME Credits (ECMEC)
· German Chambers of Physicians
· National Society of Genetic Counselors (for Category 2 credit)
· Oman Medical Specialty Board
· Qatar Council for Healthcare Practitioners
· Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC)